The Over-the-Counter (OTC) market refers to a decentralized financial marketplace where trading occurs directly between participants, typically facilitated by electronic communication networks or dealers, rather than through a centralized exchange. This market is characterized by the absence of a formal trading floor, making it more flexible and accessible compared to traditional exchanges like the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) or NASDAQ.

One of the primary advantages of the OTC market is its ability to accommodate a wide range of financial instruments beyond stocks, such as bonds, currencies, commodities, and derivatives. For example, foreign exchange (Forex) trading is a prominent OTC market, where currencies are bought and sold globally. Participants include banks, financial institutions, corporations, and individual traders.

Another OTC market example is the bond market. Many corporate and municipal bonds are traded OTC, allowing issuers to tailor bond terms to specific investors' needs. This flexibility can lead to more customized financing solutions.

Additionally, the OTC market plays a significant role in the trading of penny stocks, which are low-priced and often riskier equities of smaller companies. These stocks are typically not listed on major exchanges and are bought and sold through OTC markets like the OTC Bulletin Board (OTCBB) or the Pink Sheets.

The OTC market offers a diverse array of financial instruments and provides a crucial platform for trading various assets, enhancing liquidity, and catering to the specific needs of market participants.

The OTC market is a decentralised system where trading happens directly between buyers and sellers instead of on a formal exchange. It includes a wide range of assets, from stocks of smaller companies to currencies and derivatives. Common examples are OTC stocks traded through networks like the OTCQB and OTC Pink. Many corporate bonds and government bonds are also exchanged over the counter. In forex, most currency trades occur in the OTC market through banks and brokers. Derivatives such as swaps and forward contracts are negotiated privately rather than listed on an exchange. The OTC market allows flexible pricing and easier access, but it also carries higher counterparty risk because trades rely on the financial strength of the parties involved.